在Visual Basic 6 (VBA)中显示文件浏览对话框以保存或打开文件

在Visual Basic 6 (VBA)中显示文件浏览对话框以选择保存文件路径或打开文件路径

labels: [文件,浏览,保存]

Excel VBA宏提供了一个辅助函数来浏览文件的名称以保存Application.GetSaveAsFilename或打开Application.GetOpenAsFilename。然而，这些函数仅在Excel VBA宏中可用，而在其他环境中不可用。

此示例演示了如何创建一个通用函数来浏览保存或打开文件。

Private Declare PtrSafe Function GetSaveFileName Lib "comdlg32.dll" Alias "GetSaveFileNameA" (pOpenfilename As OPENFILENAME) As Boolean
Private Declare PtrSafe Function GetOpenFileName Lib "comdlg32.dll" Alias "GetOpenFileNameA" (pOpenfilename As OPENFILENAME) As Boolean

Private Type OPENFILENAME
  lStructSize As Long
  hwndOwner As LongPtr
  hInstance As LongPtr
  lpstrFilter As String
  lpstrCustomFilter As String
  nMaxCustFilter As Long
  nFilterIndex As Long
  lpstrFile As String
  nMaxFile As Long
  lpstrFileTitle As String
  nMaxFileTitle As Long
  lpstrInitialDir As String
  lpstrTitle As String
  Flags As LongPtr
  nFileOffset As Integer
  nFileExtension As Integer
  lpstrDefExt As String
  lCustData As Long
  lpfnHook As Long
  lpTemplateName As String
End Type

Const FILTER As String = "文本文件 (*.txt)|*.txt|PNG 图像文件 (*.png)|*.png|所有文件 (*.*)|*.*"

Sub main()

    Dim filePath As String
    filePath = BrowseForFileSave("选择保存文件路径", FILTER)
    
    If filePath <> "" Then
        Debug.Print "选择的保存文件路径: " & filePath
    Else
        Debug.Print "未选择保存文件"
    End If
    
    filePath = BrowseForFileOpen("选择打开文件路径", FILTER)
    
    If filePath <> "" Then
        Debug.Print "选择的打开文件路径: " & filePath
    Else
        Debug.Print "未选择打开文件"
    End If

End Sub

Function BrowseForFileSave(title As String, filters As String) As String
    BrowseForFileSave = BrowseForFile(title, filters, True)
End Function

Function BrowseForFileOpen(title As String, filters As String) As String
    BrowseForFileOpen = BrowseForFile(title, filters, False)
End Function

Function BrowseForFile(title As String, filters As String, save As Boolean) As String
    
    Dim ofn As OPENFILENAME
    Const FILE_PATH_BUFFER_SIZE As Integer = 260
    
    ofn.lpstrFilter = Replace(filters, "|", Chr(0)) & Chr(0)
    ofn.lpstrTitle = title
    ofn.nMaxFile = FILE_PATH_BUFFER_SIZE
    ofn.nMaxFileTitle = FILE_PATH_BUFFER_SIZE
    ofn.lpstrFile = String(FILE_PATH_BUFFER_SIZE, Chr(0))
    ofn.lStructSize = LenB(ofn)
    
    Dim res As Boolean
    
    If save Then
        res = GetSaveFileName(ofn)
    Else
        res = GetOpenFileName(ofn)
    End If
    
    If res Then
        
        Dim filePath As String
        filePath = Left(ofn.lpstrFile, InStr(ofn.lpstrFile, vbNullChar) - 1)
        
        If save Then
            Dim vFilters As Variant
            vFilters = Split(FILTER, "|")
            Dim ext As String
            ext = vFilters((ofn.nFilterIndex - 1) * 2 + 1)
            ext = Right(ext, Len(ext) - InStrRev(ext, ".") + 1)
            
            If LCase(Right(filePath, Len(ext))) <> LCase(ext) Then
                filePath = filePath & ext
            End If
        End If
        
        BrowseForFile = filePath
        
    Else
        BrowseForFile = ""
    End If
    
End Function